Xiong et al., Direct Observation on p- to n-Type Transformation of Perovskite Surface Region during Defect Passivation Driving High Photovoltaic Efficiency, Joule 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2020.12.009
该文报道了通过在钙钛矿MAPbI3添加天然辣椒素，首次直接观察到缺陷钝化过程中MAPbI3表面区域从p到n型的完全转变过程，这归因于钙钛矿活性层中p-n同质结的自发形成。在钙钛矿中加入辣椒素后，MAPbI3的功函数降低了470 meV，费米能级与价带顶的差值也从0.55 eV变化为1.03 eV，表明MAPbI3的表面发生了P-N型的完全转变（图1C）。
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